|
Visitors to the Hotel Redmond included William
Howard Taft 
the only President that became Chief Justice.
quotation
"I don't remember that I ever was
President." - Taft hated his Presidency, but loved his job as Chief Justice
- he said this as he was elected his latter job.
William Howard Taft on a sense of
humor (0:37) (AU)
(WAV)
biography
Distinguished jurist, effective
administrator, but poor politician, William Howard Taft spent four uncomfortable
years in the White House. Large, jovial, conscientious, he was caught in the
intense battles between Progressives and conservatives, and got scant credit for
the achievements of his administration.
Born in 1857, the son of a
distinguished judge, he was graduated from Yale, and returned to Cincinnati to
study and practice law. He rose in politics through Republican judiciary
appointments, through his own competence and availability, and because, as he
once wrote facetiously, he always had his "plate the right side up when
offices were falling."
But Taft much preferred law to
politics. He was appointed a Federal circuit judge at 34. He aspired to be a
member of the Supreme Court, but his wife, Helen Herron Taft, held other
ambitions for him.
His route to the White House was
via administrative posts. President McKinley sent him to the Philippines in 1900
as chief civil administrator. Sympathetic toward the Filipinos, he improved the
economy, built roads and schools, and gave the people at least some
participation in government.
President Roosevelt made him
Secretary of War, and by 1907 had decided that Taft should be his successor. The
Republican Convention nominated him the next year.
Taft disliked the
campaign--"one of the most uncomfortable four months of my life." But
he pledged his loyalty to the Roosevelt program, popular in the West, while his
brother Charles reassured eastern Republicans. William Jennings Bryan, running
on the Democratic ticket for a third time, complained that he was having to
oppose two candidates, a western progressive Taft and an eastern conservative
Taft.
Progressives were pleased with
Taft's election. "Roosevelt has cut enough hay," they said; "Taft
is the man to put it into the barn." Conservatives were delighted to be rid
of Roosevelt--the "mad messiah."
Taft recognized that his techniques
would differ from those of his predecessor. Unlike Roosevelt, Taft did not
believe in the stretching of Presidential powers. He once commented that
Roosevelt "ought more often to have admitted the legal way of reaching the
same ends."
Taft alienated many liberal
Republicans who later formed the Progressive Party, by defending the
Payne-Aldrich Act which unexpectedly continued high tariff rates. A trade
agreement with Canada, which Taft pushed through Congress, would have pleased
eastern advocates of a low tariff, but the Canadians rejected it. He further
antagonized Progressives by upholding his Secretary of the Interior, accused of
failing to carry out Roosevelt's conservation policies.
In the angry Progressive onslaught
against him, little attention was paid to the fact that his administration
initiated 80 antitrust suits and that Congress submitted to the states
amendments for a Federal income tax and the direct election of Senators. A
postal savings system was established, and the Interstate Commerce Commission
was directed to set railroad rates.
In 1912, when the Republicans
renominated Taft, Roosevelt bolted the party to lead the Progressives, thus
guaranteeing the election of Woodrow Wilson.
Taft, free of the Presidency,
served as Professor of Law at Yale until President Harding made him Chief
Justice of the United States, a position he held until just before his death in
1930. To Taft, the appointment was his greatest honor; he wrote: "I don't
remember that I ever was President."
| EVENTS
DURING TAFT'S ADMINISTRATION 1909-13 |
CABINET
AND SUPREME COURT OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT |
- American occupation of
Cuba ended (1909)
- Dispute with Venezuela arbitrated (1909)
- Payne-Aldrich Tariff passed (1909)
- Rules of House of Representatives reformed (1910)
- Postal Savings Bank created (1910)
- Publication of campaign expenses in federal elections required
(1910)
- Mann-Elkins Act (1910)
- Standard Oil Company and tobacco trusts dissolved by Supreme
Court (1911)
- Bills for tariff reductions vetoed (1911)
- Parcel Post established (1912)
- Panama Canal Tolls Bill passed (1912)
- Territorial government set up in Alaska (1912)
- New Mexico and Arizona admitted (1912)
- Arbitration treaties with France and Great Britain (1912)
- 16th Amendment adopted, giving Congress power to levy income
taxes (1913)
- Department of Labor created (1913); Children's Bureau (1912)
|
- Vice-President.
James Schoolcraft Sherman (1909-12).
Secretary of State. Philander C. Knox (1909-13).
Secretary of the Treasury. Franklin MacVeagh (1909-13).
Secretaries of War. Jacob M. Dickinson (1909-11); Henry L.
Stimson (1911-13).
Attorney General. George W. Wickersham (1909-13).
Secretary of the Navy. George von L. Meyer (1909-13).
Postmaster General. Frank H. Hitchcock (1909-13).
Secretaries of the Interior. Richard A. Ballinger
(1909-11); Walter L. Fisher (1911-13).
Secretary of Agriculture. James Wilson (1909-13).
Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Charles Nagel (1909-13).
Appointments to the Supreme Court. Horace H. Lurton
(1910-14); Charles Evans Hughes (1910-16, reappointed chief
justice, 1930); Edward D. White (elevated to chief justice,
1910-21); Willis Van Devanter (1911-37); Joseph R. Lamar
(1911-16); Mahlon Pitney (1912-22).
|
William Howard Taft
27th President of the United States
(March 4, 1909 to March 3, 1913)
Born: September 15, 1857, in Cincinnati,
Ohio
Died: March 8, 1930, in Washington, D.C.
Father: Alphonso Taft
Mother: Louisa Maria Torrey Taft
Married: Helen
Herron (1861-1943), on June 19, 1886
Children: Robert
Alphonso Taft (1889-1953); Helen Herron Taft (1891-1987); Charles Phelps
Taft (1897-1983)
Religion: Unitarian
Education: Graduated from Yale College (1878); Cincinnati Law
School (1880)
Occupation: Lawyer, public official
Political Party: Republican
Other Government Positions:
- Judge in Ohio Superior Court, 1887-90
- U.S. Solicitor General, 1890-92
- U.S. Circuit Court Judge, 1892-1900
- Governor of the Philippines, 1901-04
- Secretary of War, 1904-08 (under
T.
Roosevelt)
- Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1921-30
Presidential Salary: $75,000/year
Presidential Election Results:
| Year
|
| Popular Votes
| Electoral Votes
|
| 1908 |
William H. Taft
William J.
Bryan
| 7,676,320
6,412,294
| 321
162
|
| 1912 |
Woodrow
Wilson
Theodore
Roosevelt
William H. Taft
| 6,296,547
4,118,571
3,486,720
| 435
88
8
|
Vice President: James
S. Sherman (1909-12)
Internet Biographies:
William
Howard Taft -- from The
Presidents of the United States of America
Compiled by the White House.
William
Howard Taft -- from The
American Presidency
Grolier Online has created this
resource from its collection of print articles in Encyclopedia Americana.
Contains a full biography, written by Henry F. Pringle, author of The Life
and Times of William Howard Taft, along with suggestions for further
reading.
William
Howard Taft -- from The
American President
From the PBS series The American President, this biography covers his early
life, his presidency, and his legacy. Also includes quotations, links to other
websites, and lesson plans.
Historical Documents:
Inaugural Address
(1909)
Media Resources:
- Audio
- Abolishment of war throughout the world. (2:30)
-
RealAudio
| MP3
(1,180K)
From the Vincent Voice
Library at Michigan State University under the leadership of Dr. Maurice
Crane.
Other Internet Resources:
William Howard Taft
National Historic Site
The Cincinnati, Ohio birthplace and childhood home of Taft. Tourist
information is available.
Related Links:
Jump to: Presidential
Election Results | Cabinet Members | Notable
Events | Internet Biographies | Historical
Documents | Media Resources | Other
Internet Resources | Points of Interest
Redmond, WA links:
Luke McREDMOND | Luke
McREDMOND's Political Career | Catharine (BARRY)
McREDMOND | Luke McREDMOND's Children
| Judge William WHITE U.S. District
Attorney for WA Territory & WA Supreme Court Justice | Emma
(McREDMOND) WHITE | Hotel Redmond |
Luke McREDMOND's descendents: William,
Annie, Emma,
Martha, Dorothy,
Diana | McREDMOND
Ireland/Worldwide I Captain
James NUGENT (1845-1918) one of the most familiar people in Northwest
shipping history | Captain
Richard MORSE (1824-1859) | Walter
Sheppard FULTON (1873-1924), Famous King County Attorney | Redmond
School History | Irish in Seattle | Avondale
| Seattle Area Genealogy Libraries &
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Bibliography | Links
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